Agriculture is simply
defined as the production of crops and animals by man for man’s use and
consumption.
Agriculture is carved out from two Latin words: “ager” which means field, and “cultura” which means cultivation. Moreover, agriculture which in other words is defined as the deliberate effort made by man to till the soil, cultivate crops and rear animals for food and other purposes is not limited to that only as production is completed until the products get the final consumers.
Agriculture is carved out from two Latin words: “ager” which means field, and “cultura” which means cultivation. Moreover, agriculture which in other words is defined as the deliberate effort made by man to till the soil, cultivate crops and rear animals for food and other purposes is not limited to that only as production is completed until the products get the final consumers.
Agriculture is essential
to life as it sees to some basic needs of life such as food, shelters, clothing,
employment opportunities and income (means of livelihood). Importance of
agriculture cannot be over-emphasized as it covers a wide range from the
fore-mentioned ones to sources of foreign exchange, development of towns,
provision of facilities for recreation and tourism, provision of market for
industrial goods, provision of raw materials for industries among others.
Agriculture plays a
pivotal role in the development of nations. It is the mainstay of some
countries economy. From history, after hunting, gathering of plants and fruits
for some time beginning from at least 105,000 years ago, plant cultivation
begins around 11,500 years ago and animals’ domestication around 10,000 years
ago. Presently, agriculture is being practiced all over the world.
Modern system of
agriculture, intensive soil science, plant breeding and selection, use of
agrochemicals such as pesticides, avicides, insecticides, rodenticides, use of
fertilizers and technological advancement have immensely increased plant yield
and production. Selective breading, proper management, feeding, medications and
modern practices in animal husbandry have also increased output in production.
Agricultural products can
be grouped into crops such as cereals, legumes, roots and tubers, vegetables,
fruits, beverage crops, spices, oils and fibres, all raised as food for
consumption, raw materials for agroallied industries, materials for clothing
and materials for shelter and materials for organic manure. Animals such as
poultry ([e.g fowl, turkey, goose, guinea fowl, and duck), pig, rabbit, cattle,
goat and fish etc from which we can get by products such as hide and skin,
wool, horn, milk, egg, meat, blood, dung, bone, feather, and animal tail. All
for the same forelisted purposes and more.
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