EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURE

Changing climate has effect on the society and the ecosystem generally which by extension also have a great effect on agriculture. Normal growth and performance are enhanced when climatic factors
like temperature, rainfall, wind, relative humidity, sunlight etc. are moderate and favourable. Excess or lack of these factors definitely will have a negative effect on agricultural productivity such as growth, reproduction, milk production, egg production, and overall performance of farm animals, disruption in food availability and quality by influencing crop yield, altering rainfall, causing change in forest and other ecosystem, and even impact our energy supply.

Climate change is already affecting agriculture with effects unevenly distributed across the world. Future climate change will likely negatively affect crop production in low latitude countries. Climate change will probably increase food insecurity. The effect of climate change is related to variabilities in local climates rather than in global climate pattern.

The climate change could affect agriculture in several ways such as: productivity, in terms of quantity and qualities of crops and animals, agricultural practices, through changes of water use and agricultural inputs, environmental effects, in particular in relation of frequency and intensity of soil drainage, soil erosion and reduction in crop diversity, rural space through loss and gain of cultivated lands, adaptation of some organisms to becoming less competitive which in turn human will urgently develop more competitive organisms.